Self‐Efficacy Mediates Effects of Exposure, Loss of Resources, and Life Stress on Posttraumatic Distress among Trauma Survivors
Identifieur interne : 001B41 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001B40; suivant : 001B42Self‐Efficacy Mediates Effects of Exposure, Loss of Resources, and Life Stress on Posttraumatic Distress among Trauma Survivors
Auteurs : Aleksandra Luszczynska [Pologne, États-Unis] ; Charles C. Benight [États-Unis] ; Roman Cieslak [Pologne] ; Patricia Kissinger [États-Unis] ; Kathleen Heather Reilly [États-Unis] ; Rebecca A. Clark [États-Unis]Source :
- Applied Psychology: Health and Well‐Being [ 1758-0846 ] ; 2009-03.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Anxiety symptoms, Bandura, Beck, Beck anxiety inventory, Behaviour research, Benight, Brewin, Cieslak, Clinical psychology, Cognition, Colorado springs, Data collection, Hobfoll, Hurricane katrina, Hurricane katrina survivors, International association, Journal compilation, Katrina, Life events, Life stress, Life stressors, Luszczynska, Measurement points, Mediation, Mediator, Mental health, Motor vehicle accident, Motor vehicle accidents, Natural disaster, Negative events, Negative life events, Ozer, Positive events, Positive life events, Posttraumatic, Posttraumatic adaptation, Posttraumatic adversities, Posttraumatic cognitions, Posttraumatic distress, Posttraumatic recovery, Posttraumatic stress disorder, Potential moderators, Predictor, Previous research, Psychological bulletin, Ptsd, Ptsd symptoms, Regression analysis, Resource, Risk factors, Sobel test, Social psychology, Stressful, Stressful life events, Survivor, Symptom, Trauma, Trauma burden, Trauma exposure, Traumatic, Traumatic stress.
Abstract
Trauma exposure, loss of resources, and stressful life events are usually listed among key predictors of posttraumatic adaptation. Our studies investigated if self‐efficacy (i.e. beliefs about ability to deal with posttraumatic adversities) mediates the relationships between these peri‐ and post‐traumatic risk factors and mental health. Study 1 investigated these relationships among 50 Hurricane Katrina survivors infected with HIV. Specifically, it was hypothesised that the effects of exposure and loss of resources (measured 1 year after the disaster) on posttraumatic symptoms and general distress (measured 2 years after disaster) would be mediated by self‐efficacy (assessed 1 year after trauma). Study 2, enrolling 70 survivors of motor vehicle accidents, tested the mediating effect of self‐efficacy in the relationship between stressful life events (reported at approximately 7 days after the trauma) and PTSD symptom severity and number (measured 90 days later). Results of both studies confirmed the mediating effects of beliefs about the ability to deal with posttraumatic adversities, whereas the direct effects of trauma exposure, number of stressors, and losses on mental health were negligible. Our findings indicate that although self‐efficacy beliefs are affected by trauma and stressful life events (in particular, balance of negative and positive events), they should facilitate posttraumatic adaptation.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-0854.2008.01005.x
Affiliations:
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Clark</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Louisiana State University</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Applied Psychology: Health and Well‐Being</title><title level="j" type="alt">APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY: HEALTH AND WELL-BEING</title><idno type="ISSN">1758-0846</idno><idno type="eISSN">1758-0854</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="73">73</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="90">90</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">18</biblScope><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2009-03">2009-03</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1758-0846</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1758-0846</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Anxiety symptoms</term><term>Bandura</term><term>Beck</term><term>Beck anxiety inventory</term><term>Behaviour research</term><term>Benight</term><term>Brewin</term><term>Cieslak</term><term>Clinical psychology</term><term>Cognition</term><term>Colorado springs</term><term>Data collection</term><term>Hobfoll</term><term>Hurricane katrina</term><term>Hurricane katrina survivors</term><term>International association</term><term>Journal compilation</term><term>Katrina</term><term>Life events</term><term>Life stress</term><term>Life stressors</term><term>Luszczynska</term><term>Measurement points</term><term>Mediation</term><term>Mediator</term><term>Mental health</term><term>Motor vehicle accident</term><term>Motor vehicle accidents</term><term>Natural disaster</term><term>Negative events</term><term>Negative life events</term><term>Ozer</term><term>Positive events</term><term>Positive life events</term><term>Posttraumatic</term><term>Posttraumatic adaptation</term><term>Posttraumatic adversities</term><term>Posttraumatic cognitions</term><term>Posttraumatic distress</term><term>Posttraumatic recovery</term><term>Posttraumatic stress disorder</term><term>Potential moderators</term><term>Predictor</term><term>Previous research</term><term>Psychological bulletin</term><term>Ptsd</term><term>Ptsd symptoms</term><term>Regression analysis</term><term>Resource</term><term>Risk factors</term><term>Sobel test</term><term>Social psychology</term><term>Stressful</term><term>Stressful life events</term><term>Survivor</term><term>Symptom</term><term>Trauma</term><term>Trauma burden</term><term>Trauma exposure</term><term>Traumatic</term><term>Traumatic stress</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Trauma exposure, loss of resources, and stressful life events are usually listed among key predictors of posttraumatic adaptation. Our studies investigated if self‐efficacy (i.e. beliefs about ability to deal with posttraumatic adversities) mediates the relationships between these peri‐ and post‐traumatic risk factors and mental health. Study 1 investigated these relationships among 50 Hurricane Katrina survivors infected with HIV. Specifically, it was hypothesised that the effects of exposure and loss of resources (measured 1 year after the disaster) on posttraumatic symptoms and general distress (measured 2 years after disaster) would be mediated by self‐efficacy (assessed 1 year after trauma). Study 2, enrolling 70 survivors of motor vehicle accidents, tested the mediating effect of self‐efficacy in the relationship between stressful life events (reported at approximately 7 days after the trauma) and PTSD symptom severity and number (measured 90 days later). Results of both studies confirmed the mediating effects of beliefs about the ability to deal with posttraumatic adversities, whereas the direct effects of trauma exposure, number of stressors, and losses on mental health were negligible. Our findings indicate that although self‐efficacy beliefs are affected by trauma and stressful life events (in particular, balance of negative and positive events), they should facilitate posttraumatic adaptation.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Pologne</li><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><country name="Pologne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Luszczynska, Aleksandra" sort="Luszczynska, Aleksandra" uniqKey="Luszczynska A" first="Aleksandra" last="Luszczynska">Aleksandra Luszczynska</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Cieslak, Roman" sort="Cieslak, Roman" uniqKey="Cieslak R" first="Roman" last="Cieslak">Roman Cieslak</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Luszczynska, Aleksandra" sort="Luszczynska, Aleksandra" uniqKey="Luszczynska A" first="Aleksandra" last="Luszczynska">Aleksandra Luszczynska</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Benight, Charles C" sort="Benight, Charles C" uniqKey="Benight C" first="Charles C." last="Benight">Charles C. Benight</name><name sortKey="Clark, Rebecca A" sort="Clark, Rebecca A" uniqKey="Clark R" first="Rebecca A." last="Clark">Rebecca A. Clark</name><name sortKey="Kissinger, Patricia" sort="Kissinger, Patricia" uniqKey="Kissinger P" first="Patricia" last="Kissinger">Patricia Kissinger</name><name sortKey="Reilly, Kathleen Heather" sort="Reilly, Kathleen Heather" uniqKey="Reilly K" first="Kathleen Heather" last="Reilly">Kathleen Heather Reilly</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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